Types of Herbicides Used in Vietnam and Manufacturers

Name [N]: Afalon CLASS/LABEL [C/L]: HERB (CAUTION)

CHEMICAL NAME [CN]: 50% N-(3,4 dichlorophenyl)-N-methoxy mentheusea.

USED FOR [UF]: Selective weed control

MANUFACTURER [MFG]:

USED BETWEEN [UB]: 1967 Australian tests

AMOUNT USED [AU]: Under 5 gals

N: AGENT BLUE

C/L: HERB (CAUTION)

CN: Hydroxydimethylarsin Oxide (cacodylate adic)

UF: Rice crop destruction and to kill grass and bamboo

MFG: Ansul Company

UB: 64-71

AU: 2,166,656 gals

N: AGENT GREEN

C/L: HERB (WARNING)

CN: n-butyl ester of 2,4,5-T

UF: Defoliation of jungle cover

MFG: Bayer A G, Dow Chem, Union Carbide

UB: 62-64

AU: 8,2O8 gals

N: Agent Orange

C/L: HERBCIDE (Caution)

CN: A 50/50 mixture of n-butyl ester of 2,4,-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

and 2,4,5,-Trichlorophenoxy Acetic acid

UF: Defoiliation of jungle cover

MFG: Hercules Inc, Dow Chem, Diamond Shamrock, TH Agriculture & Nutrition

Co, Thompson Chem Corp. Mansanto Co, Uniroyal Inc

UB: 1964 and 4-70

ANT USED: 10,316,929 gals

N: Agent Orange II

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: A 50/50 mixture of n-butyl esters of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

and issocytl ester of 2,4,5-T

UF: Defoliation of jungle cover

MFG: Miller Chem & Fertilzer, Union Carbide, Vertac, Dow Chemical,

Diamond

Shamrock, ICIANZ

UB: 68-69

AU: 950,000 gals

N: Agent Pink

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy acetic acid

UF: Defoliation of jungle cover

MFG: Dow Chem, Union Carbide

UB: 62-64

AU: 122,800 gal

N: Agent Purple

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: A 50/30/20 mixture of n-butyl ester of 2,4-D, n-butyl, N-butyl 2,4,5-T,

and Iso-butyl 2,4,5-T

UF: Forest defoliation

UB: 1962-64

MFG: Union Carb, Diamond Shamrock, Dow Chem

AU: 145,000 gal

N: Agent White

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: a 20/80 mixture of the triisopropanolimine salts of picloram and 2,4-D

acid

UF: Forest defoliation

MFG: Dow Chem, Union Carbide

UB: 66-71

AU: 5,264,129 gal

N: Agral

C/L: Wetting agent (None)

CN: Nonylophenolethylene oxide condensate

UF: A wetting and spreading agent for herb's

MFG: ICI Plant Protection Div

UB: 67

AU: 12,500 gal

N: Aldrin

C/L: Inscticde (Warning)

CN: 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexocholor-1,4,4a,5,8,8a,-hexahydroexo 1-4-endo-5,8,-

dimethanonnnaphthale not less the 95%

UF: primarily to control insects

MFG: Shell Chem

UB: 72-73

AU: 15,400 pounds [lbs]

N: Axodrin - 5

C/L: Insct (Danger, poison)

CN: Dimethyl phosphate of 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-cis-croto-namide, or 0,

0-dimethyl-0-(2 methylcarbamoyl-1-methyl-vinyl) phosphate, or

Phosphoric acid, dimethyl 1-methyl-E-methylamino)-3-oxo-1-propenyl

ester

UF: USAID fram prog insct used on potatoes, cotton, rice, a very stable

toxic mat'l

UF: control of flies, thrips, bollworms, and aphids

MFG: Crystal Chem Inter-America

UB: 72-73

AU: 213,850 lbs

N: Danex

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: 20% solution of 2-methoxy 3-6-dichlorobenzoic acid

UF: Nonselective grass and weed killer

MFG: ICIANZ

UB: 67 Australian test

AU: under 5 gal

N: BHC

C/L: Insct (Warning)

CN: 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexahlorcyclohexane; aka benzene hexachloride

UF: Control of pests in cereals and sugar beets. Production or use of BHC

is prohibited in the US by the EPA

MFG: Hooker Chem; Woolfolk Chem

UB: 72-73

AU: 275,575 lbs

N: Bidran

C/L: Insct (Danger/Poison)

CN: Phosphoric acid, di-methyl 1-methyl-n, n-(dimethyl-amion)-3-oxo-1

ppropenyl ester, (E)-isomer-(9CI); or dimethyl phosphate of 3-hydroxy-

N-N-dimethyl-cis-crotonamide; or 2-dimethyl cis-2 dimethyl-carbamol-1-

methylvinyl phosphate

UF: USAID farm prog insct used for the control of pests on cotton and

control of ticks

MFG: Shell Chem

UB: 72-73

AU: 84,800 lbs

N: Binoctal

C/L: Medication (Prescription)

CN: A headache medication containing 50 meg of amytal (tradename for

amobarbital, a sedative and hypnotic) and 70mg of seconal (tradename

for secobarbital, a short acting barbitrate)

UF: A French headache medicine, available without prescription in V'nam: when

abused, it led to persistent neurological disorders, sudden aggression,

personality changes, and disorientation

MFG: A French product

UB: 62 and 75

AU: unk

N: Borate Chlorate

C/L: Herb (Warning/Danger)

CN: Sodium tetraborate dechydrate and Na Cl O2

UF: A non-selective herb and soil sterilant

MFG: Kerr-McGee Chem Corp (Australian)

UB: 67

AU: 4,500 lbs (estimated)

N: Bromacil

C/L: Herb (Caution/Warning)

CN: 5-Bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyuracil

UF: weed and brush killer

MFG: Hopkins Agriculture

UB: 68-69

AU: 16,500 lbs

N: Butoxone 80

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: 80% butyl ester of 2,3,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid

UF: Defoliant

MFG: ICIANZ

UB: 67 Australian tests

AU: 44,100 lbs

N: Cacodylic Acid (Phytar 138)

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: Hydroxydimethylarsin oxide or dimethylarsinic acid

UF: grass, bamboo, and rice crop destruction

MFG: Ansul Co

UB: 62-64

AU: 10,000 lbs

N: Carbaryl (Selvin)

C/L: Insct (Caution/Poison)

CN: 1-Naphthyl N-methylcarbamate

UF: control of insect pests on field crops, trees, poultry and pets

MFG: Union Carbide Agriculture Products Co, Inc

UB: 72-73

AU: 72,750 lbs

N: Chlorfurazole 8

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: 20% sodium salt of 4,5-dichloro-2-trifluro-methyl benzimidazole

UF: Herb

MFG: Fisons

UB: 67 Australian tests

AU: under 50 gals

N: Chlordane

C/L: Insct (Warning)

CN: 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachlor-2,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,6-methanoindane

UF: Sprayed for cockroach, termite, tick, and flea control, Banned by the

EPA in 75 for all domestic use

MFG: PPG Industries

UB: 62-72

AU: 50,000 gals

N: Cresote (Coal Tar)

C/L: Wood preservative (Caution)

Chem Properties: Relatively insoluble in H2O

UF: wood preservative possessng a high toxicity to wood destroying

organisms and a low rate of evaporation

MFG: Crowley Tar Products Co; Koopers Co Inc Organic Mat'ls; Los Angeles

Chemical Co

UB: 62-71

AU: Unk

N: 2,4, D Acid

C/L: Herb (Warning)

CN: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyaceti acid

UF: Defoliant; also used in Agents Orange, White, Purple, and as a separate

defoliant

MFG: Miller Chem & Fertilizer; Union Carbide; Vertac; Dow Chem; Diamond

Shamrock

UB: 72-73

AU: 815,000 lbs

N: 2,4-D Ester

C/L: Herb (Warning)

CN: A compound formed by the union of an organic acid and an organic base

(an alcohol). An example is 2,4-D & isoocytyl alcohol to form the

isooctyl ester of 2,4-D

UF: Defoliation of forest canopy

MFG: Miller Chem & Fertilizer; Union Carbide; Vertac; Dow Chem; Diamond

Shamrock; ICIANZ

UB: 62-70 in AO mixes; 72-73 as a separate herb; 67 Australian tests

AU: 224,870 lbs (72-73)

N: DDT

C/L: Insct (Caution)

CN: Dichloro, Diphenyl, Trichloroethane

UF: Dusted to control rat fleas in quarters

MFG: Montrose Chemical; Diamond Shamrock

UB: 72-73

AU: 2,253,100 lbs

N: DDVP

C/L: Insct (Danger/Poison)

CN: 2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate

UF: Dusted to control rat fleas in quarters and pests in stored grain

MFG: Hopkins Agriculture

UB: 72-73

AU: 674,600 lbs

N: Dalapon

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: 2,2-Dichlorpropionic acid

UF: effective against annual grasses and brushes

MFG: Dow Chem; Crystal Chem; Bayer

UB: 72-73; 67 Australian tests

AU: 121,250 lbs

N: Dapsone

C/L: Medication

CN: 4-4' Diraminodipheylsufon

UF: An experimental anti-malaria drug used in combat areas in 67-69.

Dapson is the drug of choice for treatment of Hansens disease (Leprosy)

MFG:

UB: 67-69

AU: Unk

N: DEET

C/L: Insct Repellant (Caution)

CN: N,N-Diethyl-m-Toluamide

UF: Insect repellant, personal and clothing

MFG: Chemical Formulators; Hercules

UB: 62-73

AU: Unk

N: Del Defoliant 21

C/L: Herb

CN:

UF: A defoliant preparation intended for causing leaves to drop from crop

plants such as cotton, soybeans or tomatoes, usually to facilitate

harvest. Used as a fire base defoliant

MFG: Australian

UB: 67-69

AU: over 44,100 lbs

N: Diazinoh

C/L: Insct (Caution)

CN: O,O-Diethyl O (2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothiote

UF: Principality used for control of soil insects, also in rice pesticide

control

MFG: Ciba-Geigy Corp Agricultural Div

UB: 72-73

AU: 1,016,320 lbs

N: Dibrom

C/L: Insct (Danger)

CN: 1,2-Dibromo-2,2-Dichloroethyl dimethyl phosphate

UF: Araricide insct used on numerous crops, flies, and in food processing

plants

MFG: Chevron Chem Co; Ortho Agricultural

UB: 72-73

AU: 520,285

N: Dieldrin

C/L: Insct (Warning)

CN: Hexachloro-epoxy-octahydroendo,exo-dimethanonaph thalene (principal

constituent, known as HEOD), with not over 15% related compounds

UF: Insect control around quarters

MFG: Shell Internat'l

UB: 64-71

AU: 11,025 lbs

N: Diquat

C/L: Herb (Warning)

CN: 1,1'-2-2'-Bipyridylium ion: or 6, 7-dihydrodipyridol (1,2-a:2,'1'-c)

pyrazdiiumion present in formulation as the dibromide monohydrate salt

UF: Defoliant - aquatic weed control

MFG: ICI Plant Protection Div

UB: 67-70; 67 Australian tests

AU: 40,000 lbs

N: Diuron

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: 3-(3-4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea

UF: selective broadleaf herb and soil sterilant

MFG: Hopkins Agriculture

UB: 64

AU: under 5 gals

N: EPN

C/L: Insct (Danger)

CN: O-Ethyl O(4-nitrophenyl) phenylohoshonolhioat on ethyl p-nitrophenyl

theonobenzenephospho

UF: insect control such as rice stem borer and boll weevil

MFG: EI duPont de Nemours & Co Inc

UB: 72-73

AU: 26,450 lbs

N: Endrin

C/L: Insct (Danger)

CN: Hexachloroepoxyactah-endo,endodimethanona-phthalene (principal

constituent)

UF: Insect control on cotton and small grains

MFG: Velsicol Chem Corp

UB: 72-73

AU: 451,940 lbs

N: Furadan

C/L: Insct (Warning/Danger)

CN: 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate

UF: insect control in living quarters

MFG: Pillar Internat'l; FMC agricultural Chem Group

UB: 73

AU: 103,620 lbs

N: Gardona

C/L: Insct (Caution)

CN: (Z) isomer of the compound 2-chloro-1-(2,4,5 trichloropheny) vinyl

dimethyl phosphate

UF: major pests on cotton, corn, and stored grain

MFG: Shell Internat'l Chem Co

UB: 72-73

AU: 26,450 lbs

N: Lindane

C/L: Insct (Warning)

CN: Gamma isomer of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocy-clohexane

UF: a powder used in living quarters for roaches and around rat burrows for

fleas

MFG: Celamerck Gmbh & Co KG

UB: 72-73

AU: 46,300 lbs

N: Malathion

C/L: Insct (Caution)

CN: O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithoate of diethylmercapto succinate or

diethylmercaptosucci, S-ester with O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate

UF: roach and pest control in living quarters

MFG: American Cyanamid Co

UB: 72-73

AU: 1,380,080 lbs

N: Maneb

C/L: Fungicide (Caution)

CN: Manganese ethylenebisdithiocar

UF: Blight on tomatoes and potatoes

MFG: Crystal Chem Inter-American; Cumberland Internat'l Co

UB: 72-73

AU: 485,000 lbs

N: Methyl Parathion

C/L: Insct (Danger)

CN: O,O-dimethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioato

UF: broad use insect control

MFG: Kerr McGee Chem

UB: 72-73

AU: 343,920 lbs

N: Mirex

C/L: Insct (Warning)

CN: Dodecachlorooctahydr-1,3,4-metheno-2 N-cyclobuta (cd) pentalene

UF: General purpose insct

MFG: Allied Chem Corp

UB:

AU:

N: Nonuron

C/L: Herb (Caution)

CN: 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea

UF: Soil Sterilant

MFG: Hopkins Agricultural chem Co

UB:

AU:

N: Paraquat

C/L: Herb (Danger/Poison)

CN: 1,1-dimethyl-4-4'-bipyridinium ion; present as the dichloride salt

(ICI/Chevron) or dimethyl sulfate salt

UF: Contract herb and dessicant (Extremely toxic)

MFG: Ortho

UB: 67

AU: 330 lbs

N: Phosphamidon

C/L: Insct(Poison)

CN: O,O-dimethyl O-(2-chloro-2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methyl-vinyl) phosphate

UF: Insect control in quarters, stores, etc

MFG: Chevron Chem Co; Ortho Agricultural Chems Div

UB: 72-73

AU: 41,900 lbs

N: Phosvel

C/L: Insct (Warning)

CN: O-(4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) O-methylphenlphos phonothioate

UF: Insect control in grain storage and warehouses

MFG: Velsicol Chem Corp

UB: 72-73

AU: 41,900 lbs

N: Icloram

C/L: Herb (Caution/Warning)

CN: 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid

UF: Herb against a wide variety of deep rooted herbaceous weeds and woody

plants, also used in Agent White

MFG: Dow Chem Co

UB: 66-71